Treatment of Epilepsy
Treatment of Epilepsy
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A brain illness called epilepsy is characterised by recurrent seizures. The typical definition of a seizure is an abrupt change in behaviour brought on by a transient disturbance in the electrical activity of the brain. Chemical messengers identified as neurotransmitters carry these signals along neurons, the network of nerve cells in the brain, and throughout the entire body. Recurrent seizures are a common symptom of epilepsy, which is characterised by an imbalance in the electrochemical rhythms of the brain. In individuals with seizures, abrupt and synchronised electrical energy bursts that may momentarily alter their awareness, actions, or perceptions disturb the normal electrical pattern.
Treatment
Surgery, nutrition therapy, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are all options for treating epilepsy. The first line of treatment for almost all individuals who have multiple convulsions is medication. Many adolescents may not require medication if they only experience one seizure and their testing do not show a significant chance of seizure recurrence. Instead of treating the underlying problem, the drugs treat the signs and symptoms of epilepsy (the seizures). In the majority of patients (about 70%), they are quite successful and completely control seizures. By lessening the propensity of brain cells to send excessive and jumbled electrical signals, the medications stop seizures before they begin. Choosing the best antiepileptic medication for a certain patient has grown challenging due to the wide variety of antiepileptic pharmaceuticals now on the market.
The form of seizure and kind of of epilepsy, potential drug side effects, underlying medical conditions the patient may have, potential drug interactions with other medications the patient may be taking, age, gender, and prescription drug cost are just a few of the variables that may influence the medicine of choice. Some patients with particular types of epilepsy might benefit from diet therapy. The ketogenic diet and the modified Atkins diet are the two diets that are used most frequently. The ketogenic diet is a particular low-carb, high-fat diet that is introduced over the course of three to four days in the hospital. While slightly less restrictive than the ketogenic diet, the modified Atkins diet is similar to it. It could start as an outpatient setting.
About half of the individuals who are determined to be suitable candidates for either diet have shown to have fewer seizures. Most of the youngsters in this group have refractory epilepsy and are not candidates for surgery. While these treatments effectively control the seizures of about 70% of patients, the remaining 30% of individuals do not and are regarded as medically resistant. At specialised epilepsy clinics, patients with medication resistant epilepsy are frequently treated in an interdisciplinary manner.
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